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Polistes
spp.
Characteristics –
Size: Most species are about 1 inch in length, but a few
may be as small as 1/2-inch or as large as 1-1/2 inches.
Color: Many are reddish-brown or dark red. Some species
are more orange, while others have varying bright stripes of red and
yellow.
Behavior – The key to identifying paper wasps is
the shape of the nest -- a round, upside-down paper comb that is
attached by a single stalk to a horizontal surface in a protected
location. This paper nest resembles an umbrella, lending to these
wasps nickname, "umbrella wasps." The colony starts out
each spring as a single queen that has over wintered in a protected
site, such as beneath bark, within leaf litter or inside the walls
or attics of buildings. The queen finds a suitable nesting site and
constructs a small comb nest in which she raises her first brood of
larvae. These larvae mature into adult workers which then begin to
forage for food, care for the new young, and enlarge the nest. Paper
wasps are predators and feed on insects, spiders, and caterpillars.
Most paper wasp colonies number only a few dozen workers, but under
the right conditions, a colony might produce more than 100 workers.
In early fall, the colony produces queens which fly out to find a
site to over winter. Having found
Habitat – Most paper wasp nests are located in
exposed areas beneath soffits, in the corners of windows, under
awnings, under porches, and beneath decks. These wasps, however,
will also nest within voids and other protected sites, such as gas
grills, electric outlet boxes, hose reels, attics, and crawl spaces.
They often enter attics through holes in the soffits, attic vent
screens, and underneath shingles.
Tips for Control – Paper wasp nests are usually
easily controlled using a wasp treatment product, then knocking down
the nest. Such treatments are best done at night, although
professionals can safely treat them during the day. On buildings
where continuous paper wasp nest building occurs, treatment of the
affected areas with a residual pest control product applied by a
professional can deter most of the activity.
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